Transition of Cardiovascular Care in Survivors of Pediatric Cancer: From Preventive Strategies to Cardiac Follow-Up’s Organization

Survival rates for childhood cancer patients (CCSs) have increased due to new treatments. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of non-cancer morbidity and mortality in CCSs. CVD is the result of direct cardiovascular (CV) damage caused by cancer treatment and accelerated atherosclerosis. CCSs are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome, yet CV risk factors are underdiagnosed and undertreated in this population. A structured transition care plan plays a key role in promoting greater awareness of the importance of appropriate CV risk management and a healthy lifestyle. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive illustration of how transition programs face many barriers in daily practice and the need for a widespread transition culture.