Driving Resource Use Efficiency and Profitability in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Cultivation: An Economic Assessment and Constraint Analysis in Bikaner, District of Rajasthan, India

The present study assesses the cost of cultivation, resource use efficiency, and prevailing constraints in fenugreek production among farmers of Bikaner district, Rajasthan, a major fenugreek-producing region in India. Using primary data collected from 30 growers via multistage sampling, comprehensive cost structures and returns were analysed across different farm sizes. Results revealed an overall average cost of cultivation ₹37,380.04 per hectare, with gross income reaching ₹61,563.33 and net income at ₹24,267.3 per hectare. The benefit-cost ratio of 1.70 demonstrates substantial profitability for fenugreek growers. Resource use efficiency analysis indicated underutilization of key inputs such as machine labour and fertilizers, suggesting potential for productivity enhancement through optimal input allocation, while irrigation was identified as overused. The study highlights significant impediments, including lack of improved seed varieties, financial constraints, limited disease management knowledge, and inadequate marketing infrastructure especially the absence of Minimum Support Price (MSP) and processing facilities. Addressing these constraints, developing resilient varieties, improving farmer awareness, and fostering postharvest infrastructure are essential for sustainable growth. Future research should focus on technological adoption, climate resilience, and value addition to empower fenugreek farmers and bolster regional Agri-economics.