Effect of simulation-based team training on sick leave among healthcare professionals: a multisite controlled follow-up study

Background Healthcare systems face increasing demands that may negatively impact staff well-being and elevate sick leave rates. Simulation-based team training enhances clinical skills through teamwork and communication training. However, further research is needed to understand its impact on healthcare professionals’ well-being. This study investigates how a simulation-based team training intervention affects sick leave among healthcare professionals. Methods We conducted a multisite controlled intervention study comparing sick leave rates during a 1-year intervention period (April 2023–April 2024) with the 2 preceding years (April 2021–April 2023). Four paediatric departments implemented an enhanced simulation-based training programme, improving the quality, structure and frequency of simulation activities. The intervention included facilitator training and a workshop, while four control departments continued standard practices. Statistical analyses included t-tests and mixed models using crude and adjusted difference-in-differences approaches, adjusting for staff age, gender and profession. Results During the intervention period, 244 simulations were completed in the intervention group versus 84 in the control group. Among all employees, including new hires and those who left during the study period, the adjusted reduction in sick leave during the intervention year compared to the preceding years was −1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.8, −0.2) over 2 years and −0.8% (95% CI: −1.7, −0.0) over 1 year. For the stable group, defined as employees continuously employed throughout the study period, the corresponding reductions were −1.1% (95% CI: −1.9, −0.2) and −0.9% (95% CI: −1.8, −0.0), respectively. A 1.0% reduction in sick leave corresponds to 11,858 additional working hours for 700 healthcare professionals during 1 year. Compared to the 1,993 hours spent on training, this represents a return on investment of 5.9 times. Discussion This study examines the impact of simulation-based training on sick leave among healthcare staff. Our findings indicate a reduced sick leave within the intervention group, even after adjusting for staff characteristics. However, baseline differences and the potential for regression towards the mean necessitate cautious interpretation. Despite these limitations, the results suggest that simulation-based team training may reduce sick leave and promote staff well-being. This intervention offers a promising strategy for enhancing the resilience of the healthcare workforce.