A Disease Hidden in The Symptoms of Fibromyalgia: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are two diseases with similar clinical symptoms, but different pathophysiological mechanisms. Both diseases are chronic and generally more prevalent in women. Common symptoms include widespread muscle and joint pain, fatigue, sleep disorders and cognitive problems such as forgetfulness and difficulty concentrating. However, despite their similar symptoms, the two diseases require quite different treatment approaches. Therefore, a correct diagnosis is critical for patients to access appropriate treatment and improve their quality of life. We present the case of a 49-year-old female patient who had been under observation for two years with a diagnosis of FMS. Despite treatment, her symptoms persisted and she was subsequently diagnosed with SLE in addition to FMS. Initially, the patient presented with joint pain, weakness, fatigue and sleep disorders; however, there were no objective clinical findings suggesting SLE. Subsequent objective findings and laboratory values led a rheumatologist to diagnose SLE, and hydroxychloroquine sulfate treatment was started.