This analysis uncovers legal and economic challenges of energy security, highlighting the role of renewables and geopolitics.
The article examines legal and economic aspects of energy security, emphasizing its critical role in economic and social stability. Legally, it discusses the International Energy Agency’s definition (availability, affordability, sustainability) and EU/Polish regulations, including the National Energy and Climate Plan (KPEiK), diversification of sources, and infrastructure. It highlights the transition to renewables, nuclear energy, and gas as a transitional fuel. Economically, it addresses challenges: modernization costs, coal dependency, energy poverty, and geopolitics. The need for synergy between EU funds, private investments, and stable regulations to achieve climate neutrality is stressed.
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Borowski et al. (2025) studied this question.