Exploring the effect of sustainable supply chain initiatives dimensions on sustainability performance: the mediating role of reverse logistics

Purpose This study aims to review the influences of green purchasing (GP), green manufacturing (GM) and green packaging (GK) on sustainability performance (SP) with a focus on the mediating role of reverse logistics (RL). At the same time, this study is expected to examine the effect of GP, GM and GK on RL. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative analysis was conducted using data from 418 manufacturing enterprises in the Hebei province of China. Data analyses were conducted using the Smart-PLS 4.0 software and SPSS software. Findings This findings reveals that GM, GK and RL have a positive relationship with SP. However, GP were found not to significantly influence SP. Also, GP, GM and GK is positively related to RL. Also, RL influences the successful implementation of GK, GM and GP which results in building better SP. Practical implications This study offers practical evidence supporting the notion that GP, GM and GK can complement and enhance the effectiveness of RL. Also, for firms engaging in GP, GM and GK, RL is a crucial success factor for improved SP. Social implications This paper discusses benefits or outcomes of GP, GM and GK. As well as how GP, GM and GP can improve SP with a focus on the mediating role of RL. Originality/value Through the consideration of green environmental concerns, this study contributes to the existing literature on green practices and SP. Furthermore, by examining the mediating effect of RL strategies, this study offers a unique theoretical explanation for these relationships.