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Analysis reveals that chlorogenic acid levels do not affect TMAO production from choline by gut bacteria, highlighting implications for atherosclerosis risk.
Elevated blood levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) are linked to increased risk of atherosclerosis. TMAO is produced when gut bacteria metabolize quaternary amines such as choline to trimethylamine (TMA), which...
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McAmis et al. (2025) studied this question.
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