Recent Progress of Printing Memristors: Material, Method, and Performance

This review article explores recent advancements in printable memristors (pMRs), focusing on materials, fabrication methods, and performance metrics. As the demand for high-efficiency computing grows in fields such as big data and artificial intelligence, conventional computing architectures face limitations due to transistor miniaturization and the von Neumann bottleneck. Memristors, serving as fundamental components of neuromorphic computing (NMC), have gained significant attention due to their simple two-terminal structure, low power usage and simple manufacturing. The article provides a comprehensive discussion on materials for printed electrodes (e.g., metal inks, carbon-based inks, conjugated polymers, and conductive metal oxides) and dielectric layers, highlighting their impact on device performance. Furthermore, various printing techniques, covering inkjet printing, screen - type printing, aerosol jet - based printing, electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet printing, 3D printing, spin coating, gravure printing, flexographic printing, and doctor blade coating, are examined in terms of their principles, advantages, and applications in pMR manufacturing. This study is intended to act as a meaningful reference resource for scholars engaged in memristor-related and neuromorphic computing research domains.