Analysis reveals a normalized ground state solution in R4 for the biharmonic Choquard equation, suggesting critical growth matters.
In this paper, we consider the normalized ground state solutions for the following biharmonic Choquard type problem {align*} {split} \{ {array}{ll} Δ^2u-βΔ u=λ u+(I_μ*F(u))f(u), \ \ R^4, \\ ∫R^4|u|^2dx=c^2, u∈ H^2(R^4),\\ {array} . {split} {align*} where β≥0 , c > 0, λ∈ R , I_μ=1/|x|^μ with μ∈ (0,4) , F ( u ) is the primitive function of f ( u ), and f is a continuous function with exponential critical growth in the sense of the Adams inequality. By using a minimax principle based on the homotopy stable family, we obtain that the above problem admits at least one normalized ground state solution.
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Chen et al. (2025) studied this question.
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