Analysis of Mainstream Treatment Methods for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Guidance on Application Selection

Teens between the ages of 10 and 18 are affected by the spinal issue known as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The global prevalence rate is 2%-3%, which is relatively high considering the global adolescent population base. If left untreated, it may cause physical pain, psychological distress, and functional impairment. This paper focuses on the three main treatment methods for AIS - physical therapy, brace therapy, and surgical treatment, analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, mechanisms of action, and applicable scenarios. The results show that physical therapy is effective in preventing progression and improving muscle balance for mild cases, but its effectiveness in clinical treatment still requires further experiments to confirm. Brace therapy can reduce the risk of severe progression for moderate cases, but there are challenges related to compliance. Surgical treatment has a relatively high correction rate for severe cases, but it also has corresponding risks and may lead to limited mobility and neurological complications. This paper provides evidence-based guidance for personalized treatment options, emphasizing the need to develop targeted intervention plans based on the severity of the disease and the specific scoliosis condition of the individual.