Dynamics of Indicators and Structure of Total and Primary Morbidity of Diseases of the Nervous System in the Russian Federation in 2019-2024

Significance. According to the World Health Organization, “more than one third of people suffer from neurological diseases - the leading cause of morbidity and disability in the world”. Diseases of the nervous system in the Russian Federation in 2023 occupied 1.6% in the structure of total morbidity, 3.1% in the structure of primary morbidity, 1.8% in the structure of days of temporary disability, 4.3% in the structure of primary disability and 6.1% in the structure of mortality and have a tendency to increase. The indicator of total morbidity of diseases of the nervous system in adults in the Russian Federation in 2023 amounted to 4928.0; the indicator of primary morbidity - 987.0 per 100 thousand of the corresponding population, both indicators have an upward trend. At present, diseases of the nervous system are not given enough attention, which does not make it possible to develop measures aimed at reducing morbidity from this pathology. Purpose. To study the dynamics of indicators and structure of total and primary morbidity of diseases of the nervous system in the Russian Federation in 2019-2024. Materials and methods. Statistical reference books of the Ministry of Health of Russia “Morbidity of the adult population of Russia” for 2019-2024, Rosstat data on the population were used for the study. The following methods were used in the work: statistical (descriptive statistics, calculation of dynamic series indicators), analytical. Results. At the first stage, the dynamics of the incidence of diseases of the nervous system (G00-G98) was analyzed. The prevalence of diseases of the nervous system of the adult population of the Russian Federation tended to increase from 4895.9 in 2019 to 5165.0 in 2024 per 100,000 of the corresponding population (the growth rate was 5,5%). Incidence rates also increased from 960,4 in 2019 to 1032.0 in 2024 (the growth rate was 7,5%). At the second stage, the structure of prevalence and incidence was studied, which showed that in the period from 2019 to 2024, the increase in prevalence was mainly due to other diseases of the nervous system, which tend to increase from 19.9% in 2019 to 21.2% in 2024 (an increase rate of 6,5%). In the period from 2019 to 2024, the increase in incidence also occurred mainly due to other diseases of the nervous system, which tended to increase from 17.2% in 2019 to 20.0% in 2024 (an increase rate of 7.5%). Conclusions. An analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of diseases of the nervous system in the Russian Federation in 2019-2024 revealed an upward trend in both prevalence and incidence. The proportion of other diseases of the nervous system was about 20% with an upward trend, which was caused by unspecified and dyscirculatory encephalopathies, which should not have been included in the chapter of diseases of the nervous system.