Effect of magnetic field on the preparation and properties of metallic-based coatings by electrodeposition: a review

Magnetic field-assisted electrodeposition (MFAED) is considered a feasible method to prepare high-quality metallic coatings. In this review, the physical effects of magnetic fields in the electrodeposition process, including the Lorentz force, magnetohydrodynamics, magnetization effect, and magnetospheric, are firstly summarized. Then, the influence and underlying principles of the variation of magnetic-field parameters, such as intensity, direction, and frequency, on electrodeposited metallic coatings are reviewed. Furthermore, the applications and the latest research progress of MFAED are discussed, with a particular focus on nickel- and iron-based composite coatings. Finally, the challenges and the possible future direction of MFAED were prospected.