Study of hydroxycinnamic acids of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt.

Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. is grown in Ukraine as an ornamental plant. Foreign scientific literature sources contain information that Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. is used as an antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antipsoriatic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, hypotensive and antioxidant agent.The chemical composition of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. is poorly studied. The content of alkaloids, amino acids, and phenolic compounds in some types of raw materials of this species has been studied. The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of the content of hydroxycinnamic acids in the leaves, inflorescences, fruits and roots of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. using high-performance liquid chromatography. The material for the research was the leaves, inflorescences, roots and fruits of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., harvested in the experimental plots of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv) in 2024. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of individual hydroxycinnamic acids in the raw material of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. were determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) an Agilent Technologies 1200 liquid chromatograph (Agilent Technologies, USA). The results of HPLC analysis showed that the dominant hydroxycinnamic acid in the leaves and inflorescences was chlorogenic acid, the content of which was 97833.66 μg/g and 34849.95 μg/g, respectively. In the fruits and roots of the plant, the content of chlorogenic acid was significantly lower and was 428.69 μg/g and 397.22 μg/g, respectively. In the inflorescences and fruits, a significant amount of p-coumaric acid was also found – 1782.09 μg/g and 936.78 μg/g, respectively; in the leaves - caffeic acid (1129.35 μg/g); in the inflorescences – trans-cinnamic acid (1914.75 μg/g); in the fruits – sinapic acid (1682.24 μg/g); in inflorescences and leaves – hydroxyphenylacetic acid (2188.57 μg/g and 1648.95 μg/g, respectively). Hydroxyphenylacetic acid was not detected in the fruits and roots of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. The content of hydroxycinnamic acids in the roots was insignificant, but the largest amount was chlorogenic acid, the content of which was 397.22 μg/g. The obtained results indicate that Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. is a promising plant for further phytochemical and pharmacological research with the aim of creating new drugs.