The efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention via distal transradial access in the treatment of coronary heart disease patients

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through the distal transradial access (dTRA) for the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methodology: This retrospective cohort analysis included records of CHD patients who underwent PCI in Wujin People’s Hospital between January, 2023 to December, 2024. Patients (n=107) were grouped based on the access method. Patients (n=55) who received dTRA comprised the dTRA group, and patients (n=52) who received standard transradial access (TRA) comprised the TRA group. Basic clinical information, surgery-related indicators, and the incidence and types of complications were compared between the dTRA and TRA groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the initial puncture success rate, puncture frequency, contrast agent dosage, X-ray exposure time, and surgical time between the two groups (all P>0.05). The dTRA group had a longer puncture time than the TRA group, but the postoperative compression time was significantly reduced (both P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of individual complications between the two groups (both P>0.05). However, the total number of complications in the dTRA group was significantly lower than that in the TRA group (10.9% vs. 28.8%) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with TRA, dTRA has certain advantages in the PCI treatment of CHD, especially in terms of reducing the postoperative compression time and the overall incidence of complications.