Epidemiology, Management, and Prognosis of Periodontal Disease in the Elderly

Managing chronic, non-communicable diseases, such as periodontal disease, is particularly challenging for older adults. The aging population is increasing more rapidly than in the past, which emphasizes the need for healthcare systems to refine tailored approaches for management and treatment in older adults. Periodontal disease, a progressive inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding teeth, is indeed more common in older adults. This is primarily due to age-related changes in the body's immune system and overall health, alongside the cumulative effects of bacterial plaque buildup over time. This review focuses on the complex relationship between periodontal disease and various systemic conditions, particularly in older adults, highlighting the role of inflammation and bacterial factors in conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive decline. In addition to the promising diagnostic approaches that can be developed based on understanding such interaction. It also provides tailored prevention and management strategies for older adults and explores the potential role of AI, aiming to improve oral health outcomes in geriatric patients and the overall quality of their lives.