The Ba-diffusion approach improves densification and lowers sintering temperatures in zirconium-rich electrolytes.
This study demonstrated the Ba-diffusion-assisted sintering strategy that enables complete densification of BaCe 0.4 Zr 0.4 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3₋δ (BCZYYb4411) electrolytes at substantially reduced temperatures (1200-1400°C) compared to conventional methods (≥1600°C). By controlling barium carbonate (BaCO 3 )...
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Sharma et al. (2025) studied this question.
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