Progress in the preparation of catalyst materials through characterization

The preparation and characterization of solid surface catalytic materials are a key focus in the field of catalysis research. However, there has been no published review that combines characterization analysis with targeted catalytic material preparation. This article reviews the latest advancements in improving the preparation methods of solid catalysts based on characterization analysis. It discusses the impact of three types of characterization—large specific surface area, high electron migration rate, and high redox properties—on catalytic performance, as well as related elemental, morphological, and oxide characteristics. The review suggests that for solid surface catalysis, different characterizations mainly reflect different characteristics of the catalysts. Elemental characteristics mainly influence the active sites and electronic structure of the catalytic materials. Morphological characteristics affect the content of lattice oxides in the crystal structure and the content of defect oxides in the material dimensions. In the macroscopic physical characterization of catalytic material preparation, the specific surface area is prioritized. After the particle size reaches the 10 nm limit, it is necessary to consider the differences and proportions of conductive properties and oxygen vacancy characteristics. These conclusions can be used in the future to guide the design and preparation of catalytic materials.