One-Way Speed of Light Experimental Techniques: A First Principles Approach

For over a century, measuring the one-way speed of light has eluded physicists. This century-old conundrum is addressed through the description of three experiments involving a laser and a single atomic clock. Careful attention was given to the experimental design to avoid adopting any implicit conventions arising from relativistic effects, which would unintentionally lead to the measurement of the two-way speed of light instead of the one-way speed. A key precaution was ensuring that the components of the experiments did not form a closed loop. These experiments offer the potential to determine whether the speed of light is isotropic or anisotropic, with significant implications for the synchronisation of distant clocks.