Decoding Dry Eye in Allergic Conjunctivitis: Insights from Tear Film Tests

Background: Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and dry eye disease (DED) frequently affect the ocular surface and often present with overlapping symptoms. Quantitative tear film assessments, including the tear film break-up time (TBUT) and Schirmer’s test, play a crucial role in diagnosing DED among individuals with AC. Objective: To assess the prevalence of DED in AC patients using TBUT and Schirmer’s test and analyze its association with demographic factors and AC severity. Materials and Methods: This study followed a cross-sectional design involving 80 patients with AC visiting at ophthalmology outpatient clinic. Participants were assessed using TBUT and Schirmer’s tests, and demographic and clinical data were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive methods, Chi-square tests, and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Tear film abnormalities were observed in 42% (TBUT) and 38% (Schirmer’s test). Combined dysfunction was most prevalent in severe AC cases (75%). Female patients were more affected (62.5%), with tear dysfunction increasing with age. Conclusion: The findings reveal a significant occurrence of tear film dysfunction among patients with AC, underlining the necessity of integrating objective diagnostic tools into regular clinical practice.