Features of cytokine status in the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy and possibilities of physical rehabilitation

Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the leading causes of disability in childhood. In many cases, this condition significantly reduces patients’ quality of life and requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary treatment approach, therefore, early diagnosis, prevention, and correction of its complications are of great importance. Developing effective treatment strategies requires an understanding not only of the etiological factors but also of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the disease. In recent years, persistent inflammation due to microglial activation following organic brain damage has been recognized as a key factor in CP pathogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that an imbalance between proand anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain exacerbates neuronal damage and worsens rehabilitation outcomes. Further research on neuroinflammation is essential for identifying key therapeutic targets and developing new approaches to the physical rehabilitation of patients with CP. This review aims to present current data on the problem of neuroinflammation in CP patients and potential intervention points for physical rehabilitation methods.