Study of the process of implant integration at the submicroscopic level in the early stages after surgery

The processes of biological integration of the implant and regeneration of surrounding tissues after surgery are sufficiently studied. A more detailed study of morphological changes at different stages of implantation and the postoperative period can contribute to: identifying possible causes of negative reactions to a particular type of implants, modifying existing materials, and, consequently, improving the quality of treatment and prognosis for patients. The aim of study is to investigate the integration process of synthetic and biological implants at the submicroscopic level in the early stages after surgery. Material and methods. Surgeries were performed to implant a synthetic mesh and a xenopericardial plate into the anterior abdominal wall and the wall of the small intestine in 10 sexually mature male Chinchilla rabbits. Fourteen days after the surgery, tissue fragments with the implanted implants were sent for examination using a backscattered electron detector using a scanning electron microscope. Results and discussion. Propylene mesh forms a less stable structure, since its iointegration results in “kinks” and “empty” areas not filled with new connective tissue. The stability of the xenopericardial plate is ensured by the similar direction of its own fibers and newly formed collagen fibers. Conclusions. Polypropylene implants can become mobile in the surrounding tissues, which reduces the effectiveness of the surgery. In the early stages, the xenopericardium is better fixed to the tissues into which it was implanted.