A Prospective Case Series Demonstrating the Clinical Superiority of Pigtail Catheters Over Intercostal Chest Drains in the Management of Pneumothorax at a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: The treatment of pneumothorax has traditionally relied on large-bore intercostal chest drains (ICDs). In recent years, pigtail catheters—being smaller, less invasive, and easier to insert—have gained popularity. This study evaluates the efficacy and outcomes of pigtail catheters compared to ICDs in a tertiary care setting. Methods: Twenty patients diagnosed with pneumothorax were prospectively enrolled and divided into two groups: ten managed with pigtail catheters and ten with ICD tubes. Outcomes analyzed included drainage duration, hospital stay, and procedure-related complications. Results: The mean drainage duration in the pigtail group was 3.4 days versus 6.8 days in the ICD group. Mean hospital stay was also shorter in the pigtail group (4.4 days) compared to the ICD group (8.4 days). Complication rates were significantly lower in the pigtail group, with only mild discomfort reported, while the ICD group experienced infections, prolonged air leaks, and subcutaneous emphysema. Conclusion: Pigtail catheters offer a safer, faster, and more comfortable alternative to ICD tubes in managing uncomplicated pneumothorax. Their use should be considered first-line in clinically stable patients.