Complications in a Gynaecologicalabdominal Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Hospital : A Retrospective Observational Study

Introduction: Abdominal gynaecological surgeries are commonly performed for a range of benign and malignant conditions. Understanding the frequency and nature of intraoperative and postoperative complications is essential for improving patient outcomes and surgical quality. Aim: To identify the frequency of intraoperative and postoperative complications in abdominal gynaecological surgeries conducted at Akash Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre. Materials & Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Devanahalli over 12 months (December 2022 to December 2023). The study included 100 women who underwent abdominal gynaecological surgeries such as total abdominal hysterectomy, myomectomy, tubal surgeries, ovarian cystectomy, and emergency laparotomy. Data were collected from hospital records and analysed for demographics, comorbidities, surgical variables, complications, and hospital stay duration. Results: The mean age of patients was 42.64 ± 8.43 years with a BMI of 24.25 ± 2.84 kg/m². Most patients were illiterate (72%), housewives (98%), and rural residents (88%). Abnormal uterine bleeding was the most common surgical indication (74%), and total abdominal hysterectomy was the most frequently performed procedure (71%). Spinal anesthesia was used in 81% of cases, and Pfannenstiel incision was preferred in 85%. Intraoperative complications were limited to 1% organ injury and 18% incidence of hemorrhage. Postoperative complications included fever (53%), inadequate urine output (10%), urinary tract infections (39%), spinal headache (21%), and others. Most patients (62%) were discharged within 5 days. Conclusion: Abdominal gynaecological surgeries at this tertiary care center were associated with a low rate of intraoperative complications and manageable postoperative morbidity. These findings affirm the safety and effectiveness of standard surgical practices and perioperative care protocols in similar clinical settings.