A study on analyzing the image influence factor of ‘Centralized Livestock manure Management Project’

This study explored the factors influencing public complaints regarding centralized livestock manure management (CLMM) facilities, focusing on the role of residents' knowledge levels. Based on factor analysis and ordinal logistic regression, six main factors were identified: normative, economic, cognitive, environmental, administrative, and conflict-related. The analysis revealed that residents with higher knowledge levels were more influenced by normative, economic, and administrative factors, whereas those with lower knowledge levels were more affected by environmental, normative, and administrative concerns. These findings highlight the need for differentiated conflict response strategies. For high-knowledge regions, where facilities already exist or are being operated, participatory planning and transparent compensation processes should be prioritized. In contrast, in low-knowledge regions where future facility installations may occur, efforts should focus on improving awareness of environmental impact, health concerns, and economic benefits through tailored information campaigns and third-party verification. Across both groups, administrative factors significantly influenced complaint levels, underlining the importance of credible governance. Transparent communication, early disclosure of project details, and consistent public engagement are essential. Capacity-building programs for local officials and the development of community mediators are also recommended. In the long term, enhancing general public knowledge about the environmental and social benefits of CLMM facilities is crucial. Public education, local content-based campaigns, and experiential programs such as site visits or VR-based simulations could foster greater understanding and acceptance. Ultimately, addressing resident concerns requires context-sensitive, participatory, and trust-based governance models.