Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Congenital Uterine Anomalies: Evaluation of a Population Dataset

This study aimed to characterize the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among patients with congenital uterine anomalies (CUA) using electronic health record data. Retrospective cohort study utilizing the TriNetX analytics research network, including female patients aged 10 to 55 with a documented singleton and intrauterine pregnancy. A total of 561,440 patients met inclusion criteria, of whom 3,381 (0.6%) had one or more International Classification of Diseases (ICD) encounter diagnosis codes for CUA. Compared with patients with no documented ICD encounter diagnosis of CUA, patients with CUA had lower rates of live birth (odds ratio [OR]: 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33–0.38). CUA patients had higher rates of preterm labor (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.20–1.65), fetal malpresentation (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 2.16–2.85), and postpartum hemorrhage (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.31–1.80). Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) was increased in patients with CUA, including for hysterectomy (OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.26–9.17) and acute renal failure (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.08–3.57). Patients with CUA are at higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with patients with normal uterine anatomy, including for SMM and postpartum complications. These patients should be counseled about these possible risks, and CUA should be incorporated into risk-stratification and prevention strategies.