Prevalence of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Symptoms and its Correlates among Medical Undergraduates in Secunderabad, Telangana, India

A BSTRACT Background: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Medical undergraduates are at higher risk of developing OCD due to academic stress and the need for precision in patient care. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of OCD symptoms among medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022 among 640 medical undergraduates at a tertiary care institute in Secunderabad, Telangana, India. Data were collected using the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory–Revised (OCI-R) scale, with a score of ≥21 considered as indicative of probable OCD. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 with significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 20.8 ± 1.5 years, with a female predominance (61.2%). A probable OCD prevalence of 29.1% was observed. Younger age (≤20 years), female gender, first and second academic years, and a family history of OCD were significantly associated with higher OCD symptoms ( P < 0.01). Body dysmorphia (26.1%) was the most common associated spectrum disorder. A weak negative correlation ( r = −0.28) was noted between OCD severity and academic performance. Conclusion: OCD symptoms were notably prevalent among medical students, highlighting the need for early screening, mental health support, and stigma reduction initiatives within medical colleges to promote overall well-being.