Valuing democracy and the rule of law in society education lessons in middle school

In recent decades, human civilization has increasingly emphasized the issue of human dignity, the functioning of a rule of law, and a democratic regime based on the respect for fundamental values, as well as the rights and freedoms of individuals to life, happiness, identity, and culture. This leads to the idea that today there is a need for a dynamic, formative education that meets current social demands, based on the development of democratic values and principles. In order to achieve these principles, a state is needed, a state that operates within an open political system, respecting the needs of civil society. The process of forming an active citizen begins in early childhood. At home and at school, individuals start to think independently and to respect the opinions of others. Through various activities, all citizens should be able to participate directly or indirectly in the procedures by which laws are formulated and established to organize society. Decisions should be made by the majority, but the fair and equitable treatment of minorities of any kind must also be ensured. Social justice, equity, and equality should function at all levels of society. The rule of law implies that all members of society should be treated fairly, equitably, impartially, and equally in accordance with the laws that apply to everyone. An important role in developing the competence to value democracy is played by non-formal activities, which aim to cultivate skills and competencies, stimulate creative behavior, and promote a civilized lifestyle. The value of extracurricular education lies in its transdisciplinary approach, which focuses on the formation of values and competencies useful to the student. These activities contribute to the transfer of knowledge and skills acquired by children in school and their further development, stimulating the interest and cognitive motivation of learners for personal formation and development. Extracurricular activities ensure the transfer of knowledge accumulated by students within the mandatory curriculum, providing them with practical skills in implementing theoretical knowledge.