Synergistic Effect of Nitrogen Substitution through Vermicompost on Productivity and Quality of Cauliflower in Low Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India

Aims: To evaluate impact of substituting inorganic nitrogen source with vermicompost, alone and in association with Azotobacter, on the growth, yield and quality of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD). Place and Duration of Study: Experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Water Management, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh during the Rabi season. Methodology: The layout of the experiment was Randomized Block Design (RBD) comprising 11 treatments replicated thrice. Results: The experimental data were statistically analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique at a 5% level of significance. The treatment involving 100% replacement of the recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through vermicompost combined with Azotobacter recorded the highest plant height (51.36 cm), leaf count (23.68), curd diameter (15.13 cm), curd weight (906.23 g) and curd yield (268.37 q ha⁻¹). This subsitutional approach significantly improved curd quality with higher crude protein (24.17%), TSS (7.21°B) and enhanced total macro and micronutrient content. Vermicompost enriched soil properties and nutrient availability, while Azotobacter enhanced nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake. Conclusion: It was concluded that the complete substitution of RDN with vermicompost in addition to Azotobacter sustains yield and quality and promotes soil health, offering a viable alternative to chemical fertilizers in cauliflower cultivation.