Search for sources of resistance to the main foliar diseases of winter durum wheat in the south of the Rostov region

At present, the high level of breeding work requires careful selection of initial material, identification of valuable forms in the world collection of wheat to develop highly productive varieties resistant to infectious diseases and with high grain quality. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to estimate the initial material of winter durum wheat and identify sources of resistance to the main foliar diseases in the south of the Rostov region. The study was carried out in the fields of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2020–2022. There have been studied 159 genotypes of various geographical origins, represented by 13 countries, namely 44.8 % from Russia, 15.8 % from Mexico, 9.4 % from Ukraine, Turkey, etc. The estimation of genotypes for resistance to foliar diseases (powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis tritici), brown (Puccinia triticina) and yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), septoria (Zymoseptoria tritici)) was carried out on a natural background. High air humidity and abundant precipitation in the spring-summer period through all yearsof study favored the development of foliar diseases on winter durum wheat. As a result there have been identified several genotypes with complex resistance to the main foliar diseases common for the south of the Rostov region such as 1148/12, 1015/16, 1006/15, 323/17, 955/17, Cremona, Krupinka (Russia), SN TURK MI 82-83 90/GUTROS-2, P 1290493//HUI//AV79 (Mexico), Rodur (France), which can be recommended as promising material for further breeding work in order to develop resistant varieties with economically valuable traits.