Possibilities for determining the energy consumption of electric locomotives during acceleration and constant-speed traction

Electric locomotives are integral to sustainable railway transportation, where optimizing energy consumption is crucial for efficiency and environmental impact reduction. This study investigates energy usage during acceleration and constant speed traction in Siemens Taurus 0470-series locomotives operating on the Sopron–Győr railway line (Line 8 in Hungary). Using empirical data from onboard computer displays, video recordings, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR), theresearch applies statistical correlation methods to analyze energy consumption trends. The study identifies key influencing factors, including acceleration energy correction coefficients (α1 = 1.2981, α2 = 1.3151) and specific energy consumptionvalues at constant speeds, averaging 0.00204 kWh/kN/km at 120 km/h with a 21.12% relative standard deviation value. Heatmaps illustrate energy consumption patterns, highlighting peak usage near stations and track turnouts. The findingssupport refining energy models and driving strategies while emphasizing the potential benefits of regenerative braking, timetable optimization, and advanced driver assistance systems. By integrating these insights, railway operations can achieveenhanced energy efficiency and long-term sustainability.