A Case of Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Successfully Treated by Intratumoral Injection of Tirelizumab Under Tracheoscopy

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with an annual mortality rate of nearly 1.8 million. Among its subtypes, lung adenocarcinoma is increasingly prevalent. Due to its often asymptomatic nature, most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, missing the optimal window for surgery and resulting in a poor 5-year survival rate. We present the case of an 83-year-old patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma treated with four cycles of intravenous Tirelizumab and two cycles of intratumoral Tirelizumab via tracheoscopy. The patient achieved partial clinical remission, with tumor lesions continuing to shrink upon follow-up by August 24, 2024. No treatment-related adverse reactions were observed, and the patient's immune function remained normal. This case suggests that systemic intravenous Tirelizumab combined with tracheoscopic intratumoral injection may offer a safe and effective treatment strategy for lung adenocarcinoma, particularly for patients unsuitable for chemotherapy or surgery. However, further prospective studies and clinical trials are needed to validate these findings.