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September 10, 2025BloodOpen Access

Disease risk but not remission status determines transplant outcomes in AML: long-term outcomes of the ASAP trial

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Randomized trial showed no survival benefit of remission induction prior to alloHCT in AML, suggesting alternative approaches may be better.

Overall survival after 5 years was nearly identical between remission induction and immediate alloHCT at 46.1% and 47.5%, respectively.
Cox regression analysis indicated genetic AML risk and comorbidities predicted survival, with no advantage for the treatment arm.
The ASAP trial tested high-dose chemotherapy against immediate alloHCT, questioning the benefit of remission induction.
Immediate alloHCT could lower hospital time and costs, highlighting the need for better pre- and post-transplant therapies.

Stelljes et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Randomized trial showed no survival benefit of remission induction prior to alloHCT in AML, suggesting alternative approaches may be better.