Development a Model for Enhancing the Lecturers' Instructional Leadership in Private Universities of Jinan City, Shandong Province, China

This research was intended to investigate the main influencing factors of lecturers' instructional leadership, identify the current level of their instructional leadership, analyze the impact degrees of personal factors and organizational factors on instructional leadership, develop a model for enhancing the lecturers' instructional leadership, and examine the model's effectiveness as well as compare the differences in lecturers' instructional leadership before and after training. A mixed research method was adopted. Through systematic literature review and preliminary interviews, a questionnaire was compiled to investigate the current status of instructional leadership among lecturers in private universities in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Using stratified sampling, 446 full-time lecturers from five private universities in Jinan, Shandong Province, were selected as the research subjects. Based on the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses, an enhancing model for instructional leadership was constructed, and a four-month training practice of the model was carried out. The study found five findings: first, the influencing factors of instructional leadership were structured into three core dimensions, namely, demographic background variables, personal factors, and organizational factors. Second, the overall level of instructional leadership among private university lecturers was found to be moderate. Third, both lecturers' personal factors and organizational factors had significant impacts on their instructional leadership. Fourth, the enhancing model for instructional leadership was verified to be effective. Fifth, after the implementation of the model, lecturers' instructional leadership had significantly improved.