Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Pain Among Pediatric Ophthalmologists and Strabismologists in the Middle East: A Cross-sectional Study

Purpose To assess the prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal pain among pediatric ophthalmologists and strabismologists in the Middle East, and their impact on their work. Methods A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted using SurveyMonkey distributed via the social media WhatsApp platform among pediatric ophthalmologists and strabismologists in some countries of the Middle East. The survey captured demographics, clinical workload, ergonomic practices, musculoskeletal symptoms, risk factors, and treatment methods. Results Most participants (70%) had more than 10 years of experience. Pain severity was significantly higher among those working in the private sector and hospitals compared to academic settings. Neck pain (48%) and shoulder pain (24%) were significantly correlated with severity, whereas back and arm pain were not. Common triggers included orthoptic examinations and prolonged standing, showing significant correlations, whereas slit-lamp examinations did not. Physical therapy and medications were effective treatments, significantly correlating with pain relief, whereas ergonomic adjustments were underused. Musculoskeletal pain led 31% of participants to reduce working hours and 15% to avoid specific tasks, highlighting its impact on productivity. Regular exercise was low but significantly correlated with pain relief, showing an area for improvement. Conclusions Pediatric ophthalmologists and strabismologists in the Middle East face a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, primarily dull pain affecting the neck and shoulders. Occupational factors and specific tasks significantly influence pain severity. Effective pain management strategies include medication, physical therapy, and exercise. The findings emphasize the need for ergonomic interventions, comprehensive pain management, and lifestyle adjustments to enhance well-being and productivity.