Highly porous nanofiber of bismuth sulfide/poly‐o‐aminobenzenethiol‐bismuth tungstate composite seeded on poly‐1H pyrrole: Photocathode for green hydrogen generation without external sacrificing agent

A novel and highly porous nanofiber composite, Bi 2 S 3 –poly(O‐aminobenzenethiol)/Bi 2 WO 6 (Bi 2 S 3 –POABT/Bi 2 WO 6 NF), was successfully synthesized via in‐situ polymerization of O‐aminobenzenethiol in the presence of Bi 2 WO 6 . The resulting nanofibers, with an average diameter of approximately 40 nm, provide abundant active sites for efficient photon absorption and hot electron generation. To fabricate an efficient photocathode, the Bi 2 S 3 –POABT/Bi 2 WO 6 NF composite was integrated onto poly(1H‐pyrrole) (P1HP), forming a hybrid Bi 2 S 3 –POABT/Bi 2 WO 6 NF/P1HP photocathode. This photocathode demonstrated excellent photoelectrochemical performance for hydrogen production from both natural Red Sea water and laboratory‐prepared artificial seawater. The measured photocurrent densities ( J ph ) were −0.70 and −0.66 mA/cm 2 for natural and artificial seawater, respectively. Notably, the system produced 0.24 mmol/h of hydrogen over a 10 cm 2 photocathode area using natural seawater under illumination. Further analysis revealed that the photocathode exhibited strong photoresponse sensitivity to incident photon energy, with peak J ph values of −0.67 and −0.61 mA/cm 2 at photon energies of 3.6 and 2.8 eV, respectively. These results highlight the promising potential of the Bi 2 S 3 –POABT/Bi 2 WO 6 /P1HP photocathode for sustainable hydrogen production. Its high efficiency, simple synthesis method, and compatibility with real seawater make it a viable candidate for practical solar‐driven water‐splitting applications.