Characteristics of thigh and shank affected side acceleration parameter during stroke hemiplegic gait

Background Despite its clinical relevance, there is a relative lack of research examining flexibility and stability based on the acceleration or speed of localized limb segments, such as the shank and thigh. Objective This study aimed to evaluate gait characteristics based on acceleration in the thigh and shank to identify differences between the affected and unaffected sides in stroke hemiplegic patients. Method Forty individuals with stroke-induced hemiplegia were assessed during a 5-meter walk using a 3D motion analysis system and Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). Spatial-temporal and acceleration parameters were calculated. Results Significant differences were observed between the affected and unaffected sides in stance time, swing time, swing phase, and stance phase. In terms of acceleration, the mean acceleration in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction of the thigh and the mean value of the center of mass (CoM) in the AP direction differed significantly. These spatial-temporal findings were consistent with known characteristics of hemiplegic gait. A notable posterior shift of the thigh CoM on the affected side was identified, likely reflecting impaired propulsion and reduced stability. Conclusion The posterior displacement of the thigh CoM on the affected side may represent a compensatory mechanism to maintain balance during gait. Clinically, this posterior CoM shift could serve as a meaningful indicator of hemiplegic gait and a potential target for rehabilitation interventions aimed at restoring gait symmetry and improving functional mobility.