Design of a Portable Surface Electromyography Acquisition System for Lumbar Muscles

Surface electromyography acquisition devices for the lumbar region exhibit urgent demand in sports medicine and rehabilitation engineering, targeting the limitations of traditional equipment in dynamic electromyography monitoring, such as large physical dimensions, inadequate interference resistance, and elevated costs. This study presents a portable acquisition system that combines high performance, cost-effectiveness, and energy efficiency. The hardware employs a three-tier architecture comprising an ADS1299-based analog front-end, an STM32 microcontroller, and Bluetooth wireless transmission to enable high-precision signal acquisition and data transfer. At the software level, a QT-powered host computer platform facilitates real-time waveform visualization and dataset archiving. Experimental validation confirms that the captured surface electromyography signals span an effective frequency band of 20 to 500 Hertz, with 82.3 percent of the power spectral density localized within the 20 to 250 Hertz sub-band, while dynamic baseline noise remains constrained below 3 microvolts root mean square. This system delivers a compact, low-power design paradigm for advancing wearable medical instrumentation in sports rehabilitation applications.