Nutrition Features of Athletes in Case of Diseases and Injuries

Modern comprehensive treatment of injuries and diseases, regardless of the etiological factor, as a mandatory component includes adequate correction of metabolic disorders and full-fledged nutritional support. Injury / disease is considered as a polyethological variant of the systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome, associated with the formation of “pathological” systems and their further dynamic change. One of the most striking manifestations of systemic inflammatory response syndrome is marked metabolic disorders with a shift in metabolic processes towards hypermetabolism – hypercatabolism. The catabolic type of metabolic processes is characterized by the development of pronounced protein and energy deficiency, malnutrition and the inability to provide the body with the necessary nutrients naturally. Characteristic manifestations of metabolic disorders are: a significant increase in energy consumption, a mismatch between the received and required energy, a decrease in the possibility of utilization of the main endogenous substrates, and a change in neurohumoral regulation. This dictates the need, first of all, for a scientifically based use of the existing arsenal of means and methods of nutritional support, using biologically active additives (dietary supplements), pharmaconutrients aimed at optimizing natural and artificial recovery processes, potentiating the rehabilitation process and improving treatment outcomes. A balanced nutrition program can prevent the development of protein and energy deficiency, accelerate the rehabilitation of the injured and sick, and increase the effectiveness of treatment.