Analysis of energy consumption and planning in underground mining trucks, highlighting differences from diesel models.
This paper analyses the planning of operation for underground mining trucks powered by Lithium-ion batteries. Trucks supplied by the companies Epiroc and Sandvik are used as examples, comparing their characteristics with equivalent diesel-engine models. These trucks have similar payload capacities and dimensions, but significant differences in available energy, demonstrating that battery-powered trucks have substantially lower autonomy. The paper describes a method for estimating the autonomy of battery-powered trucks, considering motor efficiency, energy losses, and regenerative braking. A procedure is presented for determining the energy consumption for truck movement along a known route, considering the total resistance. It is demonstrated that the lower available energy of battery-powered trucks is a major factor necessitating a different approach to planning their operation in underground mining.
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Milisavljević et al. (2025) studied this question.
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