Artificial intelligence in sleep medicine: an updated American Academy of Sleep Medicine position statement

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly expanding and has the potential to significantly impact the practice of sleep medicine. Sleep practitioners may be able to augment the efficiency and effectiveness of care delivery to patients by incorporating AI into clinical practice. However, AI must be implemented in a responsible manner, with a full appreciation of the technology's current limitations and evolving nature. Specifically, the tenets of data privacy, fairness and transparency, infrastructure and medical-legal issues must be considered. Many of these issues are evolving and will continue to impact AI implementation in new ways. Enhancements in technology will provide new AI options for clinicians and patients. Evolving case law will influence the legal risks that clinicians, hospitals and sleep centers will face. Creation of new policies within the U.S. and internationally will provide frameworks and safeguards for data privacy and AI use. Sleep clinicians and researchers should remain updated and knowledgeable in these areas. As AI continues to develop and advance in the sleep medicine field, it must be a partner to, and not a replacement for, clinician (i.e., human) oversight. It is the position of the AASM that responsible AI integration into sleep medicine has the potential to enhance clinical care and research but requires careful consideration to overcome clinical validation challenges, ensure ongoing accuracy after implementation, and incorporate clinically relevant and user-friendly tools into practice, while also upholding standards of safety, appropriateness, and transparency.