A Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Study on Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases in Indigenous Bhag Nari Cattle among Farmers in District Kachhi, Balochistan, Pakistan

In Pakistan, ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBDs) pose a significant public health threat, contributing to a considerable morbidity. While numerous studies focus on the prevalence of ticks and TBDs, limited attention has been given to the basic knowledge, attitude and practices regarding them. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) concerning ticks and TBDs among rural livestock farmers raising Bhag Nari cattle in District Kachhi, Balochistan. A total 30 farmers participated in the survey using a structured questionnaire. Mantel-Haenszel analysis was applied to identify potential key risk factors. The result showed only 23.33% of respondent were able to identify tick [OR = 0.37 (0.06-2.22) p < 0.26]. However, 63.33% of respondents were aware of symptoms of TBDs [OR = 0.92 (0.20-4.10) p > 0.00]. A significant number of respondents (70%) showed negligence by not seeking medical attention after tick bite [OR=0.82 (0.12-5.57) p < 0.60]. About 50% of farmers used acaricides for tick removal [OR=0.62 (0.13-2.85) p > 0.03]. A positive practice was observed, with 70% of farms regularly performing sanitization [OR=0.55 (0.10-2.80) p < 0.37]. Overall, the finding suggests that farmers possess basic knowledge of farm management and tick control. It is recommended that government initiate awareness campaigns on tick control and TBDs prevention, while also improving veterinary services in the region.