The relationship between thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroid hormones and lipid profile in patient sample of thyroid disorders

The thyroid hormones regulate synthesis, mobilization, and breakdown of lipids. Lipid profiles are often negatively altered by thyroid dysfunction, which is becoming increasingly prevalent. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the association between serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones and the lipid profile in patients with thyroid disorders. Materials and Methods: The study included 100 participants, aged between 18 and 65 years. Participants were recruited from endocrinology clinics at hospitals in Al-zawia, Surman, Sabratha, and the neighboring regions. Participants were divided into two groups: Group (1): 50 healthy individuals as control. Group (2): 50 patients with thyroid dysfunction. A 5 ml blood sample was collected from each participant after 12 hours of fasting. TSH, T4 & T3 hormones, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and VLDL were measured. The associations between TSH levels and thyroid hormone and lipid profile levels were assessed using the Chi-square test, t-test, and Spearman correlation using SPSS version 26. Results: The distribution of thyroid disorder patients according gender were 86% females and 14% males, according age groups were 04%, 10%, 36%, and 50% in age groups ≤30, 31-40, 41-50, and >50 years, respectively, according body weight groups were 06%, 56%, and 38% in body weight groups ≤60, 61-90, and >90 kg, respectively. 46% of the thyroid disorder patients had chronic diseases, including 22% hypertension, 20% diabetes mellitus, 6% heart diseases, 6% hemodialysis, and 4% cancer. The mean of TSH levels was significantly (P<0.05) increased in patients compared with the control group, was significantly (P<0.01) increased in the hypothyroidism group compared with the euthyroid group in thyroid disorder patients, but significantly (P<0.01) decreased in females compared with male thyroid disorder patients. The mean of T3 levels was significantly (P<0.01) decreased in patients compared with the control group. The mean of T4 levels was significantly (P<0.01) decreased in the hypothyroidism group compared with the euthyroid group. The levels of lipid profiles were showed variations and correlations with TSH, T3, T4. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the thyroid dysfunction patients were 86% female, 50% in the age group >50 years, 56% and 38% in body weight groups 61-90 and >90 kg, 62% had secondary education. The mean duration of thyroid disorder and medication was 5.8 ± 1.2 and 5.0 ± 1.1 years. The levels of thyroid hormones and lipid profiles were showed variations and correlations with each other.