What type of study is this?

This is a Retrospective study (also classified as: Cross-Sectional Study).

Clinical severity and patterns of organ involvement in acute systemic lupus erythematosus flares and predictors of disease severity: a retrospective study

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Retrospective study identifies predictors of hospital mortality in acute systemic lupus erythematosus flares, suggesting key hematological indices.

High baseline disease activity and neurological involvement predict in-hospital mortality in SLE patients.
Severe leukopenia and thrombocytopenia show significant associations with mortality in hospitalized SLE patients.
Disease activity scores strongly correlate with laboratory parameters like anti-dsDNA and red cell distribution width.
Mortality was observed in 13.3% of the cohort, with non-survivors showing higher SLEDAI-2K scores.

Shivam et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Retrospective study identifies predictors of hospital mortality in acute systemic lupus erythematosus flares, suggesting key hematological indices.