Low‐Temperature Plasma Inhibits Melanoma Growth via Enhanced T‐Cell Immunity

Since the antitumor effect of low‐temperature plasma (LTP) was first discovered in 2007, efforts have been devoted to investigating its therapeutic effects in various tumors. LTP has been shown to induce diverse cell death pathways in a dose‐dependent manner, modulate immunogenic responses, and suppress tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of LTP in melanoma growth inhibition. Our findings demonstrate that LTP suppresses melanoma progression by enhancing T‐cell‐mediated immunity. Mechanistic investigations suggest that direct LTP treatment modulates cytokine expression in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8 + T cells, while indirect LTP treatment regulates cytokine levels and inhibits the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway, contributing to its antitumor activity. These results not only provide a potential novel strategy for melanoma treatment but also advance our understanding of the interplay between LTP and the immune system.