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September 10, 2025npj Primary Care Respiratory MedicineOpen Access

Carbon emissions from the increasing use of inhaled corticosteroid-LABA medications: a primary care used case from Singapore

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Authors

NTNgiap Chuan TanYKYi Ling Eileen KohQLQi He Mabel Leow

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Overview

Retrospective analysis reveals carbon emissions link with asthma control in Singapore adults using ICS-LABA inhalers.

Key Points

  • Older patients using ICS-LABA showed a decline in total carbon emissions alongside improved asthma control.
  • Total carbon emissions for ICS-LABA inhalers grew from 106,871 kg CO2e in 2015 to 367,832 kg CO2e in 2023.
  • Patients with good asthma control emitted about 35 kg CO2e/year less than those with suboptimal control, indicating a significant finding.
  • An overall increase in the number of patients treated with ICS-LABA occurred from 2015-2023, but individual emissions fell with better asthma management.

Cite This Study

Tan et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68c1a76954b1d3bfb60e054ahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41533-025-00442-w
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Also Consider

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