Foreign grain trade and the role of customs authorities in ensuring economic and food security

Ensuring economic and national self-sufficiency is one of the most important tasks facing the Russian state. Of particular importance in this area is the solution of the tasks of ensuring food security, including the implementation of export-import operations with agro-industrial products. Grain exports play an important role, as the Russian Federation occupies 20% of the global grain market and the combination of internal and external economic interests is a difficult task to achieve a compromise. Russian customs authorities, which are implementing a digitalization program aimed at increasing trade turnover and improving the efficiency of electronic customs and intelligent checkpoints through the use of artificial intelligence, play a special role in ensuring this task. The article discusses the issues of ensuring economic and food security. The authors reveal the directions of application of artificial neural networks in the creation of systems to counter threats to food security.