Utilization of a GP-staffed emergency response unit: an observational study from Norway

Background Emergency department (ED) crowding is a growing challenge, highlighting the need for safe and effective prehospital alternatives to hospital conveyance. Aim To investigate how a GP-staffed emergency primary care response unit (EPCRU) affects resource allocation and patient pathways. Design & setting A prospective observational study conducted in two Norwegian municipalities served by a GP-staffed EPCRU. Method All missions ( n = 2950) performed by the EPCRU from April 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024, were included. Data on dispatch origin, triage (telephone and on-site), reason for dispatch, level of care, and participating services were analysed. Results Most missions were categorized as Acute (57.6%) by the call centre and comprised a broad spectrum of conditions and severities. The EPCRU was first on scene in 44.1% of cases. In total, 44.1% of patients were treated on-site without hospital conveyance. A mismatch was observed between telephone and on-site triage: 34.2% of Acute cases were triaged as Yellow by RETTS triage on scene. The EPCRU altered expected care trajectories compared to standard ambulance response by enabling both non-conveyance and direct Emergency Department admissions. Conclusion A GP-staffed response unit may enhance resource efficiency, patient flow, and timely care—offering potential benefits for emergency systems facing growing demand.