Анализ причин удаления имплантируемых подкожных венозных порт-систем: ретроспективное наблюдательное исследование

INTRODUCTION: Totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) have been used for over forty years and play a crucial role in the treatment of cancer patients. However, despite their benefits, there is limited information about their use, complications rate and reasons for removal. This date will be usefull for all medical specialists who manage patients with cancer. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to describe the reasons for totally implantable central venous port system (TIVAP) removal and late complications associated with their use in clinical practice performed at two centers under standardized operative and perioperative procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study retrospectively evaluated 2626 patients who underwent a single-type TIVAP insertion from January 2022 to December 2024. RESULTS: The complications of TIVAP, including infection, skin erosion, and thrombosis, and reasons for removal were analyzed from the patients' medical records. The implantation was successful in all cases (100 %). TIVAP was removed in 218 patients, among them in 22.8 % of all cases due to the end of a treatment. A total of 218 TIVAP (1.2 %) were removed due to complications, patient’s refusal and the end of treatment. Complications at the chamber insertion site occurred in 1.1 %, and erosion cases 1.4 %. All patients with chamber insertion site infection after TIVAP removal were treated by administration of antibiotics and dressing. Local infections were mainly caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis (29.2 %). Of the patients in which chamber insertion site erosion occurred, in 4 cases TIVAP`s were removed and reinserted on the other side. Less common complications were catheter-associated infection 0.5 % and catheter-associated thrombosis 0.4 %. Among all cases, pinch-off syndrome was detected in 4 patients (0.15 %) and migration of the catheter was detected in 0.08 % cases. CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of complications in the use of TIVAP is low, and infection is the most common complication and the main reason of unplanned pullout.