Preconception Care: Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Physicians at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Preconception care (PCC) involves interventions before conception to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet it remains underutilized in many regions. Its availability influenced by both women's awareness and HCPs' expertise. This study aimed to assess physician's knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding PCC. To assess physicians knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PCC and associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 20 to May 30, 2023, on 251 physicians. Data were collected using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using Stata version 14. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with PCC knowledge, attitudes, and practices. From 251 physicians, 133 (52.99%) had strong PCC practices, 180 (71.71%) had good knowledge, and 143 (56.97%) demonstrated positive attitudes. Significant factors influencing knowledge included working department (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.02) and reading PCC guidelines (AOR = 1.82). Strong PCC practices were linked to working department (AOR = 2.74), reading about PCC (AOR = 2.86), and perceptions of who should provide PCC (AOR = 2.21). Physicians' expertise in PCC is enhanced by reading guidelines and working in obstetrics and gynecology. Regular review of PCC resources is recommended to improve knowledge and practices.