Outcome of Treatment with Probiotic in Acute Watery Diarrhea in Pediatric Patient Aged 6 To 12 Months Admitted at Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar

Introduction: Acute diarrhoea is a common clinical condition in children and a common cause of morbidity in developing countries. Recently, probiotics have been recommended agents that can reach diarrhoea duration and clinical states via promoting gut microbiota balance. Objectives: To assess an efficacy of probiotic intervention using clinical course of acute diarrheas in children divided into age groups of 6–12 months: duration of the diarrhoea decreased, the status of consistency of stool improved, and they got into a better state of hydration. Materials and Methods: The six-month period of this clinical trial (27 November, 2024 to 26 May, 2025) was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar. A total of 76 pediatric cases were selected and randomly divided into a probiotic group treated with Saccharomyces boulardii 250 mg bid as opposed to a placebo in conjunction with ORS. The duration of diarrhoea, the type of stool, and how long the patients were at the hospital were the measures of the outcome of the intervention. Results: The probiotic group had significantly shorter diarrhea duration (1.8 vs. 2.9 days, p = 0.001), improved hydration status (89.5% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.007), and reduced hospital stay (3.2 vs. 4.5 days, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Probiotic therapy significantly improves recovery in pediatric diarrhea cases. Its cost-effectiveness and safety support its inclusion in standard treatment guidelines.